{"id":5534,"date":"2017-08-01T10:31:23","date_gmt":"2017-08-01T10:31:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modern-standard-arabic.net\/?page_id=5534\/"},"modified":"2021-04-19T10:38:35","modified_gmt":"2021-04-19T08:38:35","slug":"lesson-17-english","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/modern-standard-arabic.net\/en\/lesson-17-english\/","title":{"rendered":"Lesson 17 – English"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n\n\n\n
17<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\ufd3e\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f\ufd3f<\/span><\/td>\n\n

\u0661\u0667<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0635 (\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 (\u0661\u0667)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 <\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong><\/span> (\u0661\u0667)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0661<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0662\u060c \u0663\u0660<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u060c \u0662\u0669<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0662<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0666\u060c \u0667\u060c \u0661\u0661\u060c \u0661\u0662\u060c \u0661\u0663<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0663\u060c \u0664\u060c \u0665\u060c \u0668\u060c \u0669\u060c \u0661\u0660<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0663<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0661\u0665\u060c \u0661\u0666\u060c \u0661\u0667\u060c \u0662\u0660\u060c\u00a0 \u0662\u0663\u060c \u0662\u0665\u060c \u0666\u060c \u0662\u0667<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0664\u060c \u0661\u0668\u060c \u0661\u0669\u060c \u0662\u0661\u060c \u0662\u0662\u060c \u0662\u0664\u060c <\/strong>\u0662\u0668<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0664 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0664\u0661<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0664\u0662\u060c \u0664\u0663<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0665<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0666\u060c \u0667<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0666<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0661\u0661\u060c \u0661\u0662\u060c \u0661\u0663\u060c \u0661\u0665\u060c \u0661\u0666\u060c \u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0667<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0663\u0666\u060c \u0663\u0667\u060c \u0663\u0669\u060c \u0664\u0660\u060c \u0664\u0661<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0663\u0661\u060c \u0663\u0662\u060c \u0663\u0663\u060c \u0663\u0664\u060c \u0663\u0665 \/<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0662\u0660\u060c \u0662\u0663<\/strong>
\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0668 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0664\u0664 \/ \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0662\u0665\u060c \u0662\u0666\u060c \u0662\u0667\u060c \u0663\u0667<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0669<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0663\u0669\u060c \u0664\u0660\u060c \u0664\u0661<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0661\u0660 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0663\u0668 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0661\u0661 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong><\/span> (\u0661\u0667)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0661\u0662<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

436<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n
\n

1.\u00a0<\/strong> Conditional sentences with \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/span> and <\/strong>\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652<\/strong><\/span>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661) <\/strong>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/strong> \u0648\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0634\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u0650 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Conditional sentences describe a condition, which causes a consequence. Condition \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0652\u0637\u064f <\/span>and consequence \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f <\/span>are the two clauses of the conditional sentence.<\/p>\n

Conditions can be real or \u201cunreal\u201d, i.e. hypothetical. Real conditions are those that can be accomplished. The most common Arabic conjunction for introducing a real conditional sentence is \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 <\/span>\u00bbif<\/em>\u00ab, which is followed by a verb in the Perfect.<\/p>\n

a) Relations of tenses<\/strong><\/p>\n

The following combinations of tenses between condition and consequence are possible:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\n

\u00a0<\/span>(condition)\u00a0 \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0652\u0637\u064f<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(<\/span>consequence) <\/span>\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

relation of tenses<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0623)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

concurrent<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0628)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

concurrent<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u062c)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064f \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

afterwards<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u062f)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

beforehand<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0647)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u0641\u064e\u0640)\u0633\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

beforehand<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0648)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0652<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

concurrent<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Although \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span> is followed by a verb in the past tense, it actually refers to the present tense.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u0623)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

If you give me the pen, (then) I give you the book.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0628)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(the same sentence using the present tense for the consequence)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u062c)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0651 \u0647\u0670\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0641\u0652\u062f\u064f \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u063a\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

If this news is correct, (then) the delegation has (already) left the country.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u062f)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0651 \u0647\u0670\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064e \u064a\u064f\u063a\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0641\u0652\u062f\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f\u064e \u063a\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

If this news is correct, (then) the delegation will leave the country tomorrow.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0647)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0651 \u0647\u0670\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631\u064f (\u0641\u064e\u0640)\u0633\u064e\u064a\u064f\u063a\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0641\u0652\u062f\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f\u064e \u063a\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

If this news is correct, (then) the delegation will leave the country tomorrow.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0648)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

If you meet them, (then) inform them immediately!<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 <\/span>might be followed by \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e <\/span>+ Imperfect (\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064f<\/span>); however it still translates in the present tense.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

If you want to travel, then speak to the expert.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0652\u0643\u0650 \u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0631\u0650.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

437<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Even in nominal sentences \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e <\/span>is used, because \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 <\/span>must be followed by a verb in the past tense. Still, the sentence refers to the present tense:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

If he is present, then I won\u2019t ask him.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062c\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0644\u064f\u0647\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Conditions referring to the past are generally rare. In these cases \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/span> is used after \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span>. The negation is not added to \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e <\/span>but to the following verb, i.e. \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0652 <\/span>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

If you have bought this device, you have chosen a good model.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0634\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0631\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0647\u0670\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u062e\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0648\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0634\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0631\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0647\u0670\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0632\u064e \u062a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064f \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u062e\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0648\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If you have not read this report, then you don\u2019t know the problems.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0631\u0623\u0652 \u0647\u0670\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0642\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0643\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0636\u064e\u0627\u064a\u064e\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

b) The use of the particle <\/strong>\u0641\u064e\u0640<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

If the first word of the consequence is a particle \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 <\/span>or \u0633\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064e <\/span>, the verb \u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0633\u064e <\/span>, a conjunction (often \u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651<\/span>), a preposition, a pronoun or a noun, an imperative or a negated imperative, the clause is introduced by the particle \u0641\u064e\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/span>. Very often \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651 <\/span>is used to introduce verbal sentences.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

If the tickets are there, naturally we travel immediately.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0643\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062c\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0639\u0650\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If I complete my work by Saturday, I have fulfilled my task.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a \u062d\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0652\u062a\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0632\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062c\u0650\u0628\u0650\u064a.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If you give me the pen, then I give you the book.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

If the consequence starts with the prefix\u00a0 \u0633\u064e\u0640 <\/span>or \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652<\/span>, \u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 <\/span>, or \u0644\u064e\u0627 <\/span>(absolute negation and negation of Imperfect sentences), the particle \u0641\u064e\u0640\u0640 <\/span>may be used.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

If you agree, we shall rent the appartment next year.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0650\u0651\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0629\u0650.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0646\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0650\u0651\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0629\u0650.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If you visit him once, you will never forget him.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0632\u064f\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0632\u064f\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

If the consequence starts with a verb in the Perfect or Imperfect tense, it is rarely introduced by the particle \u0641\u064e\u0640<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n
\n

If you are late, the realtor waits for you inside the house.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0638\u0650\u0631\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u062f\u064e\u0627\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u0650.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If all information is given, we shall find a solution.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u0644\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0645\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u0644\u064b\u0651\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

c) Negation<\/strong><\/p>\n

After \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span>, the negation is \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 <\/span>+ Jussive. The consequence is negated either by \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 <\/span>+ Jussive or another negation (\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0633\u064e<\/span>\u060c \u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652<\/span>\u060c \u0644\u064e\u0627<\/span>).<\/p>\n

438<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

If you don\u2018t give me the pen, (then) I don\u2019t give you the book<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If you don\u2019t give me the pen, (then) I will (certainly) not give you the book.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

If the expression \u00a0<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span> \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064f <\/span>is negated, the negator \u0644\u064e\u0627 <\/span>is not placed in front of \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e <\/span>but the verb in the Imperfect tense, i.e. \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064f <\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

If you don\u2019t want to travel, (then) speak to the expert.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0652\u0643\u0650 \u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0631\u0650.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

d) <\/strong><\/span>\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f<\/strong> before <\/strong><\/span>\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0652\u0637\u064f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f <\/span>may be placed before \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0652\u0637\u064f<\/span>. However, in this case the consequence is not introduced by \u0641\u064e\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/span>, but still a Perfect tense verb following \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

I give you \/ will (certainly) give you the pen, if you give me the book.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0646\u0650\u064a\u060c \u0633\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064e)\u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Inform them immediately about the report, if (= in case) you see them.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0642\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0631\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

You will be able to read the news in Arabic, if you memorize ten words every day.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0639\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0623\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064e \u062a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0638\u064f \u0643\u064f\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064d \u0639\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0631\u064e \u0643\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064d.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

e) conditional sentences with \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Another less frequent conjunction to introduce real conditional sentences is \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 <\/span>\u00bbif, in case<\/em>\u00ab. Both the condition and the consequence use the past tense and \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 <\/span>for the negation. The conclusion is often introduced by \u0641\u064e\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 <\/span>as is the case with \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span>. As usual both clauses are interchangable.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

In case you give me the pen, I give you the book.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a> \/<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e. <\/a>\/<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If you don\u2019t give me the pen, then I don\u2019t give you the book (either).<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a> \/<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

In case you meet them, send my regards to them!<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0652 \u0644\u0650\u064a \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I will give you the book if he does not ask for it.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0628\u0652\u0647\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

439<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Other phrases are used to express real conditional sentences, such as \u0628\u0650\u0634\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0637\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652<\/span> \/ \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0634\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0637\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652<\/span> \/ \u0634\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0637\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652<\/span> and \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652<\/span> \u00bbprovided, on condition that<\/em>\u00ab, followed by the Subjunctive.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

I will travel tomorrow, provided that the symposium begins.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064f \u063a\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0650\u0634\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0637\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0623\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u062f\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0629\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064f \u063a\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0634\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0637\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0623\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u062f\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0629\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064f \u063a\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0637\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0623\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u062f\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0629\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064f \u063a\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0623\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u062f\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0629\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Aside from \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 <\/span>and \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 <\/span>there are other words expressing conditions:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\n

wherever<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \/ \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062b\u064f \/ \u062d\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I will fight them wherever I find them.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0628\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u062c\u0650\u062f\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652.<\/a> \/ \u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0628\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062d\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062b\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u062c\u0650\u062f\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\n

whenever, every time when<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0643\u064f\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Whenever I met him, he was in a bad shape.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0643\u064f\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u062d\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0633\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0626\u064e\u0629\u064d.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\n

whenever<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0649 \/ \u0645\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Whenever I met him, he was busy.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0649 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u063a\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627. <\/a>\/ \u0645\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u063a\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\n

what<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

What happened happened.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e \u062d\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\n

whoever<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

You must keep your promise. (literally: Whoever promises, must keep it.)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0649.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n
\n

whatever<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I will leave whatever happens.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0631\u064f\u062c\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

f) <\/strong>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/span>\u060c <\/strong>\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652<\/strong><\/span> and <\/strong>\u0647\u064e\u0644\u0652<\/strong><\/span> = \u00bbwhether<\/em>\u00ab<\/strong>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 <\/span>and \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 <\/span>can also be translated as \u00bbwhether\u00ab, just like \u0647\u064e\u0644\u0652 <\/span>and \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span>. After \u0633\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/span> \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652<\/span> the phrase \u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 <\/span>is used and after \u0641\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e<\/span> \u0641\u0650\u064a<\/span> the phrase \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span> is used merging the preposition with \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span>. Depending on the context \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 <\/span>+ \u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e <\/span>may also express the past tense.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0646\u064e \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627.<\/a> \/ \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0646\u064e \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

We don\u2019t know whether he lives here.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0633\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0646\u064e \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627.<\/a> \/ \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0647\u064e\u0644\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0646\u064f \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0633\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0646\u064e \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627.<\/a> \/ \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0633\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0646\u064e \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

We don\u2019t know whether he has lived here.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0633\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0646\u064e \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627.<\/a> \/ \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0647\u064e\u0644\u0652 \u0633\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0646\u064e \u0647\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

440<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\u0629\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

She asked him whether he liked the city.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0641\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0647\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

She contemplated whether he had liked the city.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\"\" \u0668\u060c \u0669\u060c \u0661\u0660\u060c \u0661\u0661\u060c \u0661\u0662\u060c \u0661\u0663\u060c \u0661\u0664\u060c \u0661\u0665\u060c \u0661\u0666\u060c \u0661\u0667\u060c \u0662\u0662\u060c \u0663\u0664\u060c \u0663\u0665<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\n

2. Conditional sentences with<\/strong> \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0662) <\/strong>\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652<\/strong> \u0641\u0650\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u0650 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Other sentences express hypothetical, \u201cunreal\u201d conditions or conditions that cannot be realized. Sentences of this type are introduced by the conjunction \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652. <\/span>Both clauses, the condition and the consequence, are usually in the Perfect form. The context decides\u00a0 whether the present or future tense is applied. The consequence may be introduced by the intensifier \u0644\u064e\u0640<\/span>:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

If you gave me this book, I would read it at once.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0647\u0670\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0623\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If you walked through this city, then you would learn how the people live there. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0633\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0647\u0670\u0630\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0644\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0641\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0643\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0641\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0650\u064a\u0634\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0633\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u064e\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If they had used the new paper, then the manuscripts would have disappeared.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0650 \u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062e\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627\u062e\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0641\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0637\u064f\u0648\u0637\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Again, only the context will tell which tense is used in the sentence. This is also true for expressions with \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e <\/span>+ Imperfect form. However, in order to express an explicit time frame, \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e<\/span> should be used in both the condition and the consequence. In today\u2019s Arabic \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0633\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064f<\/span> may be found in the consequence:<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

He would have died, if he had eaten it.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0633\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0648\u062a\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

He would have become crazy, if he had known the reason. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0633\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0635\u0652\u0628\u0650\u062d\u064f \u0645\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0646\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0628\u064e\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

What would he have said, if the director had returned?<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0633\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0639\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f\u061f<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

a) Negation<\/strong><\/p>\n

The condition is negated with \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 <\/span>and the consequence with \u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0639\u0650\u062f\u0650.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

If the plane had not been late, he would have arrived on time.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0639\u0650\u062f\u0650.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

If the plane had been late, he would not have arrived on time.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u062a\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0637\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

If Ahmed had not come to me yesterday, I would not have been able to give him the book.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u062a\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0639\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u062a\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0637\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u062a\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0639\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

441<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627 <\/span>\u00bbIf \u2026 were not there or had not been there, if it were not for \u2026 or if it had not been for \u2026<\/em>\u00ab is followed by a noun and not a verb:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

If it was not for Ahmad, I would not have completed the work.<\/em><\/p>\n

If Ahmed is not there, I would not complete the work.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

b) <\/strong>\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f<\/strong><\/span> before <\/strong>\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0652\u0637\u064f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Condition and consequnece are interchangeable as they are in real conditional sentences. The conclusion becomes an independent main clause. The verb may be in the Perfect tense.<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

I would give him the pen, if he gave (or had given) me the book.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

After \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651<\/span> the subject can be placed in front of the verb:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

If Ahmed had visited me, I would have given him the book.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064e \u0632\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0644\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064e \u0632\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

If he visited me tomorrow, I would give him the book.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0632\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064f\u0646\u0650\u064a \u063a\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0637\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

c) <\/strong><\/span>\u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/strong> \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652<\/strong> \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e<\/strong> \/ <\/strong>\u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/strong> \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652<\/strong> \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651<\/strong> and<\/strong><\/span> \u062d\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 <\/strong><\/p>\n

The conjunctions\u00a0 \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e<\/span> \/ \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651<\/span>\u00a0 \u00bbas if, as if \u2026 were … <\/em>\u00ab represent unreal comparisons:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

He treated him as if he was not a physician.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652 \u0637\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

He looked at her as if he had already met her before this day.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0646\u064e\u0638\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0649 \u0628\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u064e \u0647\u0670\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u0650. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

The ministers vote as if the president was present. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0648\u064e\u064a\u064f\u0635\u064e\u0648\u0650\u0651\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0648\u064f\u0632\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0626\u0650\u064a\u0633\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062c\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

He talks about him as if he was a living being.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0648\u064e\u064a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u062d\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062b\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

It seemed as if the children were all that matters.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0648\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u064f\u0648 \u0643\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0647\u064f\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064f\u0651\u063a\u0652\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0627\u063a\u0650\u0644\u064f. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

We also find \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 <\/span>in combination with \u064a\u064e\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064e\u0627<\/span> \u00bbhow nice it would be if …<\/em>\u00ab and the following verb in the Perfect or Imperfect:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

How nice it would be if he met them.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u064a\u064e\u0627)\u062d\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0650 \u0627\u062c\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652.<\/a> \/ (\u064a\u064e\u0627)\u062d\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062c\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

How nice it would be if it were new.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u064a\u064e\u0627)\u062d\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/a> \/ (\u064a\u064e\u0627)\u062d\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064f \u062c\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

How nice it would be if he had won.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(\u064a\u064e\u0627)\u062d\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0627\u0632.<\/a> \/ (\u064a\u064e\u0627)\u062d\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0632\u064f. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

In modern Arabic we also find \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064f<\/span> as an expression for what should happen in the future:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n
\n

If he only became his successor.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064f \u062e\u064e\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0641\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064f. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I wish you would stay with us.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627. <\/a>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\"\" \u0661\u0668\u060c \u0661\u0669\u060c \u0662\u0660\u060c \u0662\u0661\u060c \u0662\u0663\u060c \u0662\u0664\u060c \u0663\u0664\u060c \u0663\u0665<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

442<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n\n\n\n
\n

3. Sentences with<\/strong><\/span> \u062d\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652\u060c \u0631\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0645\u064e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0663<\/strong>) \u062d\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u060c \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652\u060c \u0631\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0634\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

The following conjunctions are used to introduce concessive sentences:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

(\u062d\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0649)\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

even if<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

even if<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0631\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0645\u064e<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

despite<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u063a\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

in spite of<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u063a\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

in spite of<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0631\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(al)though, even though<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

(al)though, even though<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u064e\u0627<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

whenever, as often<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

whatever<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0643\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

however<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

wherever<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

whoever<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

The rules for conditional sentences with \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 <\/span>or \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652<\/span>, also apply for concessive sentences with \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 <\/span>and \u062d\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652<\/span>. The main clause mostly precedes the subordinate clause:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

I will not complete the project, even if I work every day. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0632\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0639\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0639\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0643\u064f\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u064a\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064d.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I will not complete the project, even if I work every day. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0646\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0632\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0639\u064e (\u062d\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0649)\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0639\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0643\u064f\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u064a\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064d. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I will finish the project, even if nobody helps me.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0647\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0639\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u062f\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064e\u062d\u064e\u062f\u064c.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I will finish the project, even if nobody helps me.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0623\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0647\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0639\u064e (\u062d\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0649)\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0650\u062f\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064e\u062d\u064e\u062f\u064c.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u00a0 <\/span>\u00bbwhatever<\/em>\u00ab is always followed by a verb in the Perfect tense, often by \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e <\/span>and sometimes by the Jussive of \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e<\/span>. The following main clause is introduced by \u0641\u064e\u0640\u00a0<\/span> or \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651<\/span>:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

We will travel, whatever the difficulties will \/ may be.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064e \u0646\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064f\u0651\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Whatever the difficulties will \/ may be, we will travel.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u062a\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064f\u0651\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0628\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0641\u064e \u0646\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Whatever you try, you will not succeed.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u0627\u0648\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0643\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062c\u064e\u062d\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Whatever may happen, he is the president.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0631\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0626\u0650\u064a\u0633\u064f.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Whatever the reason may be, we continue the efforts.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0628\u064e\u0628\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064f\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0635\u0650\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062c\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064e. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

443<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Other concessive conjunctions may likewise be used at the beginning of the first or the second part of the sentence. The time frame depends on the context:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

He continued the war despite all threats.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0628\u064e \u0631\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0652\u062f\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

He gave the lecture, although he knew the consequences.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0636\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0631\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

He went into battle despite the superiority of the enemy.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062f\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u063a\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0642\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0650\u0651.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

The president is abroad although the country is on the verge of complete bankruptcy.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u064e\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0626\u0650\u064a\u0633\u064f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650\u062c\u0650 \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064e\u0651\u063a\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0648\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0643\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0625\u0650\u0641\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0633\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0651.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Although she refuses her responsibility, she continues practicing the same policy.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0641\u064f\u0636\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0624\u064f\u0648\u0644\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0631\u064f\u0651 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0646\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0633\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0650\u0651\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064e\u0629\u0650.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

We will fight them wherever we find them.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0646\u064f\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u062d\u064f\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

However he works, he will not succeed.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0643\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u062c\u064e\u062d\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

We will greet them whenever we see them. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u064e\u0646\u064f\u0631\u064e\u062d\u0650\u0651\u0628\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0645\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 <\/span>can be used to emphasize a negated statement:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n
\n

He has not given me any money, not even a single dinar.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0637\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a (\u0646\u064f\u0642\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627)\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064b\u0627. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

I will not ask him for a single dinar.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0644\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0628\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062d\u0650\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652<\/span> is also used in the sense of \u00bband what if<\/em>?\u00ab<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Ahmad: You cannot travel.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062f\u064f: \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0639\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064e.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Khalid: And what if?<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062e\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u062f\u064c: \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u061f<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u062c\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0652\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062c \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0644 <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

conditional sentence<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\n

\u0634\u0631\u0652\u0637 \u062c \u0634\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0637 <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

condition in conditional sentences<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u062c \u0623\u062c\u0652\u0648\u0650\u0628\u0629 <\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

consequence in conditional sentences<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/strong> \u0662\u0665\u060c \u0662\u0666\u060c \u0662\u0667\u060c \u0662\u0668<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0661<\/strong><\/span> \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

444<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

condition<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0634\u0631\u0652\u0637 \u062c \u0634\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0637<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

agreement; understanding; treaty (on)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0650\u062a\u0650\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062c ~\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u0644\u0649)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

side, party; part, edge<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062c \u0623\u0637\u0652\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

to agree on s.th.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0650\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0642 VIII<\/span> (\u064a\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0650\u0642\u064f \u0627\u062a\u0650\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627) \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

thing, tangible asset, property value (jur<\/em>.)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0639\u064a\u0652\u0646 (\u0645) \u062c \u0639\u064f\u064a\u064f\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0652\u064a\u064f\u0646<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

to rent<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u062c\u0651\u0631 II<\/span> (\u064a\u064f\u0624\u062c\u0650\u0651\u0631\u064f \u062a\u0623\u0652\u062c\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

annulment (jur<\/em>.)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u0633\u0652\u062e<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

period<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062c \u0622\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

paragraph, chapter<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u0635\u0652\u0644 \u062c \u0641\u064f\u0635\u064f\u0648\u0644<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

not to fulfil s.th.; to violate<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0651 IV<\/span> (\u064a\u064f\u062e\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0651 \u0625\u0650\u062e\u0652\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627) \u0628\u0650\u0640<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

paragraph<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0641\u0650\u0642\u0652\u0631\u0629 \u062c \u0641\u0650\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

if (real conditional sentence<\/em>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0630\u0627<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

extent; amount<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0642\u062f\u0652\u0631 \u062c \u0623\u0642\u0652\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

below (adv<\/em>.)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u0633\u0652\u0641\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

being<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0646 \u062c ~\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

return<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

in writing (adv<\/em>.)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0643\u0650\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

informing (about) (verbal noun<\/em>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u0639\u0652\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u0628\u0650\u0640)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

electricity, (electric) current<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0643\u0647\u0652\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

to committ<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0650\u0644\u0652\u062a\u0632\u0645 VIII<\/span> (\u064a\u0644\u0652\u062a\u0632\u0650\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0650\u0644\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627) \u0628\u0650\u0640<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

and so forth<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064e (\u0630\u0670\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

end, termination (intr.)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0647\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

drinking water<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u0650\u062d \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0634\u064f\u0651\u0631\u0652\u0628\u0650<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

primary<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0651<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

owner<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0643 \u062c \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0643<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

leasing; rent<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0625\u0650\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u062c ~\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

square meter<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u0650\u062a\u0652\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0639<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

by mutual agreement<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0650<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

equipped, provided (with)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064f\u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632 \u062c ~\u0648\u0646\u064e (\u0628\u0650\u0640)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

according to, corresponding to, in accordance with + gen. or suff.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0628\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0652\u062a\u0636\u0649<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

preservation; protection; maintenance (of)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

mutual agreement (on) (verbal noun<\/em>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064d (\u0639\u0644\u0649)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

place<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u062c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0651\u060c ~\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

to promise; to committ<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062a\u0639\u0647\u0651\u062f V<\/span> (\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0647\u0651\u062f\u064f \u062a\u0639\u0647\u064f\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627) \u0628\u0650\u0640<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

rented<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0623\u0652\u062c\u064e\u0631<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

holder; carrier<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644 \u062c ~\u0648\u0646\u064e\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

tenant<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0623\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0631 \u062c ~\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

to author, edit, write<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631 II<\/span> (\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0631\u064f \u062a\u062d\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

appartment, house<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u0646\u0652\u0632\u0650\u0644 \u062c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0644\u064f<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

payment<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062f\u0641\u0652\u0639<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

signer; signatory<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0642\u0650\u0651\u0639 \u062c ~\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

working time, business hours<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

born<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0645\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0648\u062f \u062c ~\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

wish (for)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0631\u063a\u0652\u0628\u0629 \u062c \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a (\u0641\u064a)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

weekdays<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u064a\u0648\u0652\u0645: \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645\u064f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064d<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

to live, to live (in)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0633\u0643\u0646 (\u064a\u0633\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0646\u064f \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u0662<\/strong><\/span> \"\"\u00a0 \u0625\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

445<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\ufd3e<\/span>\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064f<\/span>\ufd3f <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0661\u0667<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u0663<\/strong><\/span> \u00a0<\/strong>\u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0624\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645.<\/p>\n

<\/a> \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0647:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0661\u0664\/\u0667\/\u0661\u0669\u0666\u0662\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0664\u0665\u0663\u0666\u0668 \u062c \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0661\u0667\/\u0668\/\u0661\u0669\u0667\u0660\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0668\u0669\u0664\u0664\u0667 \u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0661\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651<\/strong>: \u0623\u062c\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0661\u0666 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0669\u0665 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0662\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0661\/\u0668\/\u0662\u0660\u0661\u0660\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0661\u0665 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u062c.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0663\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u0661<\/span>. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0647\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0667\u0665\u0660 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0662<\/span>. \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0663<\/span>. \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n

\u0664<\/span>. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e <\/strong>\u0662\u0666\/\u0667\/\u0662\u0660\u0661\u0660<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/strong>:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631<\/span><\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0664